Different Article type (schema) for posts that have the selected category set

Ok, I found a solution. Maybe it will be useful to someone. If the post is in the selected category, change its type, e.g. from NewsArticle to BlogPosting. We assume that all entries have NewsArticle set and for the set categories we change this type to BlogPosting.

/**
 * Filter to change the schema data.
 * Replacing article type for selected categories
 * @param array $entity Snippet Data
 * @return array
 */
add_filter( "rank_math/snippet/rich_snippet_article_entity", function( $entity ) {
    if ( is_single() && in_category( array( 'category1', 'category2' ) )) {
        $entity['@type'] = 'BlogPosting';
    }
    return $entity;
});